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Difference between Hibernate and JPA

Let's talk about Hibernate and JPA.

2 min read
hibernatejavajpa
hibernatejavajpa

Today we are going to talk about Hibernation and JPA.

What is Hibernate?

Hibernate is a framework known as Hibernate ORM framework. Hibernate, known as Hibernate ORM, is a framework designed by Red Hat. Its initial release was on May 23, 2007; This is an object-relational mapping tool for the Java language. It is written in Java and supports a cross-platform JVM. Its license is under GNU Lesser General Public.

The main functionality of Hibernate is to map Java classes to database tables. Some key features of Hibernate are given below:

  • This is an implementation of the JPA guidelines (or even an implementation of the JPA)
  • It helps in mapping Java classes to database tables and Java data types to SQL data types.
  • Hibernate is the JPA provider.

What is JPA?

JPA for Java Persistence API, is actually known as Java Persistence Application Programming Interface OR Java Application Programming Interface, is used to manage relational data. JPA is essentially a specification. It deals with object or relational metadata. The language of JPA is JPQL (Java Persistence Query Language).

The initial release of JPA was on May 11, 2006. Some key features of JPA are shown below:

  • JPA is not an implementation; it is only a specification (a specification)
  • This is a set of rules and guidelines for defining interfaces, for implementing object-relational mapping.
  • It requires a small number of classes and interfaces.
  • It supports simpler, cleaner and standardized object-relational mapping.
  • It supports polymorphism and inheritance.
  • In this case, dynamic and named queries can be added.

In one line, if we want to define Hibernate and JPA, we can say that Hibernate implements all the JPA guidelines.

Direct comparison between Hibernate and JPA

Below are the top differences between Hibernate and JPA:

HibernateJPA
Hibernate is an object-relational mapping framework that helps manage data persistence.It is the Java specification for handling Java application with relational data.
It is one of the best JPA providers.This is the only specification that does not address any implementation.
In this we use Session to manage persistence in an application.In this we use the entity manager.
It is used to map Java data types to database tables and SQL data types.It is the standard API that allows developers to perform database operations.
The query language in this case is Hibernate Query Language.The query language of JPA is JPQL (Java Persistence Query Language)

I hope this article was useful to you. Thanks for reading it.

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